What document allows someone to distribute their earthly possessions after death?

The document that allows someone to distribute their earthly possessions after death is a will. A will is a legal instrument that defines how an individual's assets and property should be distributed upon their passing. It can provide specific instructions regarding the distribution of personal belongings, financial accounts, real estate, and any other possessions.

In addition to outlining asset distribution, a will often names an executor, who is responsible for ensuring that the deceased's wishes are fulfilled and that the distribution process adheres to legal requirements. A will also provides clarity and reduces the potential for conflicts among heirs or beneficiaries regarding inheritance.

Trusts serve a similar purpose in terms of asset management and distribution, but they are typically established during a person's lifetime and can often provide additional benefits such as avoiding probate or managing assets on behalf of minors or individuals unable to manage their finances. However, the key purpose of a trust differs from that of a will.

Power of attorney is a document that grants someone the authority to act on behalf of another person, primarily in financial or legal matters, while a health directive outlines the medical decisions someone wishes to be made on their behalf in situations where they are unable to communicate their wishes. Neither of these documents directly addresses the posthumous distribution of assets.